The majority of the eyeball is filled with an egg white-like fluid called vitreous. Bleeding that occurs into this fluid is called intraocular bleeding (vitreous hemorrhage). Although there are many causes of intraocular bleeding, most of them are vascular causes.
Intraocular bleeding is common, especially in the advanced stages of diabetic retinopathy that develops due to diabetes. Apart from this, it may also develop following occlusion in the retinal vessels.
It may occur with the presence of a retinal tear as a result of the lack of development of retinal vessels due to premature birth, or with systemic diseases such as leukemia due to indirect or direct trauma.
Prof. Dr. Tansu Erakgün
Retina Diseases and Vitreoretinal Surgery Specialist
Born on March 20, 1968, in İzmir, Prof. Dr. Tansu Erakgün completed his middle education at Saint Joseph College and his high school education at Karşıyaka Gazi High School. After graduating from Ege University Faculty of Medicine in 1992, which he entered in 1986, he began his residency training in the Department of Ophthalmology at Ege University Faculty of Medicine Hospital in the same year. In 1997, he became a specialist...
About Me VideosWhat are the causes of intraocular bleeding?
The most common causes of intraocular bleeding are listed below:
- Diabetic retinopathy (32-54%).
- With retinal tear (12-44%).
- Posterior vitreous detachment (4-12%).
- Retinal detachment (7-10%).
- Sickle cell anemia (1-6%).
- Retinal macro aneurysm (1-7%).
- Wet type macular degeneration (1-5%).
- With intracranial bleeding (1%).
- Trauma (12-19%).
- Retinal vein occlusion (4-16%).
Regardless of the cause, if intraocular bleeding remains in the eye for a long time, it can lead to complications beyond the damage caused by the underlying disease.
One of these is that the iron element in the blood cells is released and absorbed by the cells in the retina and other layers, resulting in some toxic effects.
These toxic effects prevent the healthy functioning of retina cells. Another effect is glaucoma, where deformed blood cells circulating in the vitreous block the outflow pathways of the eye and increase eye pressure.
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What are the symptoms of intraocular bleeding?
People with intraocular bleeding usually complain of blurred vision, floaters, blurred vision, sensitivity to light and shadowing.
These complaints may vary depending on the intensity of bleeding. Floaters are prominent in mild bleeding, shadowing is prominent in moderate bleeding, and decreased vision is prominent in heavy bleeding.
Eye pain does not usually accompany intraocular bleeding. However, if glaucoma (increased eye pressure) occurs as a complication or there is a trauma, pain may accompany it.
Ultrasound is a very helpful diagnostic method in intraocular bleeding. Bleeding often makes retinal examination impossible. In this case, ultrasonography gives an idea about the intensity of the bleeding, its relationship with the retina, and more importantly, whether it is accompanied by a tear in the retina or retinal detachment.
If it is not planned to clear the bleeding with vitrectomy surgery in the early period, ultrasonography should be performed at frequent intervals.
How is the diagnosis made in intraocular bleeding?
- Eye examination: By examining your eyes, your doctor can detect the area where intraocular bleeding occurs.
- Eye tonometer: This test measures the pressure inside the eye and may be done to detect a condition such as glaucoma that may be the cause of intraocular bleeding.
- Intraocular imaging tests: These tests are used to view the tissues inside the eye and may be performed to detect the cause of intraocular bleeding. For example, tests such as intraocular ultrasonography or optical coherence tomography may be performed.
- Blood tests: Blood tests may be performed to determine the general health of the body and whether there is a health problem that may be causing intraocular bleeding.
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What is the treatment for intraocular bleeding?
Treatment of intraocular bleeding varies depending on the underlying cause. If the cause is a retinal tear or retinal detachment, urgent surgery and/or laser treatment is required.
If it occurs due to a systemic vascular disease such as diabetes, it should be monitored with frequent checks every 1-2 weeks by resting with the head up/upright, and if there is no opening in 1-2 months, intraocular bleeding removal surgery called vitrectomy should be performed.
In the meantime, the patient should be consulted for systemic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and blood diseases, and blood values in this regard should be normalized.
In cases where the visual center called the macula is healthy, vision gain after surgery is also quite satisfactory. However, vision expectancy is relatively more limited in diseases that affect the macula, such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration.
| Processing Time | 1 hour |
| Risks | Recurrence of bleeding, retinal tear |
| Side Effects | Cataract development |
| Who Can It Be? | Those whose vision decreases due to bleeding |
| Return to Work Time | 1 week – 1 month |
What are the Prices of Intraocular Bleeding Treatment in Izmir?
You can contact your doctor to get information about intraocular bleeding treatment prices in Izmir.
F.A.Q.
What diseases can eye bleeding be a symptom of?
Eye bleeding is a condition that occurs as a result of the rupture of blood vessels in the retina layer of the eye and can be a symptom of many different health problems. Examples include: diabetic retinopathy, trauma, vascular occlusion, bleeding disorders. It is important to consult your doctor to understand the cause of eye bleeding and your doctor can recommend a treatment method that is suitable and specific to you.
What are the most common causes of intraocular bleeding?
Diabetes is the most common cause of intraocular bleeding. Vascular occlusion and trauma are also among the common causes. Drying of the eye: Insufficient moisture of the eyes as a result of the tear glands not working properly, or inflammation of the eyelashes may cause dryness in the eye. Glaucoma: “Glaucoma is a condition in which the flow of intraocular fluid out of the eye is blocked. As a result, eye pressure increases, optic nerve damage and visual field narrowing occur.
What are the symptoms of intraocular bleeding?
When bleeding occurs inside the eye, vision loss, decreased vision, and cloudy floaters in the eye occur.
References:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33620856/
Caldeira, D., Canastro, M., Barra, M., Ferreira, A., Costa, J., Pinto, F. J., & Ferreira, J. J. (2015). Risk of substantial intraocular bleeding with novel oral anticoagulants: systematic review and meta-analysis. Jama Ophthalmology, 133(7), 834-839.